What was Tenancy Tribunal case 9070404 about?

The tribunal order states: The Unit Owners must pay Body Corporate 86105 $21,0250.00 (including GST)

How much money was awarded in case 9070404?

Verified claim lines are listed on this page.

What type of tenancy dispute was case 9070404?

The primary dispute was Unit Titles.

Where can I read the official tribunal order for case 9070404?

The official Ministry of Justice published order is available at https://forms.justice.govt.nz/search/Documents/TTV2/PDF/13528511-Tribunal_Order.pdf.

What was Tenancy Tribunal case 9070404 about?

The tribunal order states: The Unit Owners must pay Body Corporate 86105 $21,0250.00 (including GST)

How much money was awarded in case 9070404?

Verified claim lines are listed on this page.

What type of tenancy dispute was case 9070404?

The primary dispute was Unit Titles.

Where can I read the official tribunal order for case 9070404?

The official Ministry of Justice published order is available at https://forms.justice.govt.nz/search/Documents/TTV2/PDF/13528511-Tribunal_Order.pdf.

Wellington Central, Wellington Tenancy Tribunal Case 9070404 — Unit Titles

Order

The Unit Owners must pay Body Corporate 86105 $21,0250.00 (including GST) immediately, by way of costs.

Reasons

An Order was made dated 10 March 2026 requiring the Unit Owners to pay outstanding levies and interest.
The parties were asked to file submissions on costs within 21 days of the date of that Order, for a decision on the papers. No submissions were filed by either party and a costs order was issued on 9 April 2026. It transpired that the parties had not been served with the 10 March Order. I stayed the 9 April costs Order to give the parties the opportunity to file costs submissions.
Both have done so and those submissions have been considered. The submission from the Body Corporate contains details of fees and supporting records not available when the previous costs order was made.
The 10 March Order noted: “[63] Pursuant to section 124 UTA, the Body Corporate is entitled to recover any reasonable costs incurred by it in collecting unpaid levies as a debt due by the owner to the Body Corporate. [64] In accordance with the judgments (of the District Court and Court of Appeal respectively) in Body Corporate 162791 v Cheah DC Auckland, CIV2014-004- 0120, 24 June 2014 and Body Corporate 162791 v Gilbert [2015] NZCA 185, the Tribunal must order that the reasonable costs incurred by the Body Corporate in recovering the levies, objectively assessed, be paid by a defaulting unit owner. [65] The costs payable by the respondents should only be those directly related to recovery of the levies. The costs of these proceedings have been increased by consideration of arguments relating to whether the claim was precluded by the Limitation Act 2010 and issues about the application of BC funds, as noted in this decision. [66] My preliminary view is that costs incurred in addressing those additional issues should not be included in the costs awarded under s.124. In each case decisions of the Body Corporate, to delay bringing an application for recovery of the levies and in commingling into the Scheme review unrelated expenditure on the additional works, have contributed to the need to address issues ancillary to recovery of the levies.”

What costs can be claimed?

The Body Corporate’s submission claims $29,556.46 (which excludes fees of $715.50 incurred in connection with the District Court appeal) in legal costs to and including the hearing. That claim is supported by fees invoices issued to the Body Corporate and time records.
Legal costs incurred by a Body Corporate in recovering levies, are claimable under s.124(2) UTA, which provides that: “(2) The amount of any unpaid levy, together with any reasonable costs incurred in collecting the levy, is recoverable as a debt due to the body corporate by the person who was the unit owner at the time the levy became payable or by the person who is the unit owner at the time the proceedings are instituted.”
That provision effectively provides for recovery of legal costs incurred in collecting levies, on an indemnity basis. The authorities make it clear that the role of the Tribunal in assessing such claims is only to consider the reasonableness of the charges.
Costs incurred other than those incurred in collecting levies, must be considered under the Tribunal’s general costs jurisdiction, provided by s.102(3) Residential Tenancies Act 1989 (“RTA”).
Section 102(3)(b) RTA provides that in proceedings such as these, where a party is represented by counsel, “...the Tribunal may order a party to pay—(b) to another party, the reasonable costs of that other party in connection with the proceedings.”
In connection with s102(3) RTA costs, the following extract from Residential Tenancy Law in New Zealand - S. Benson (2018 Thompson Reuters NZ Limited), was cited with approval by the District Court in BC346799 v Ikeda 1 : “An award of costs for counsel is usually a reasonable contribution to legal costs, not full costs. The usual range is 40 to 70% of actual costs and factors to consider include the party’s success, length of hearing, amount involved, importance of the issues, complexity, urgency, time for effective preparation, any unnecessary steps, arguments without substance, abuse of process, poor presentation, whether hearing time was lengthened by a party’s conduct and, for guidance purposes the District Court’s scale of costs.”
As signalled in the substantive order, costs were incurred (for the apportionment see paragraph 12): a. in recovering the unpaid levies – recoverable under s.124(2) UTA ($12,500.00.00); b. in determining the Unit Owners’ claim that recovery of the levies was prevented by operation of the Limitation Act – claimable under s.102(3) RTA ($7,050.00) ; and c. in determining the Unit Owners’ claim that the levies were not recoverable due to misapplication of the levies and/ or that the Unit Owners should be compensated for misapplication of funds held in the long term maintenance fund towards works outside the long term maintenance plan – claimable under s102(3) RTA ($10,000.00).
Counsel for the Body Corporate assesses the costs related to the Limitation Act argument at $7,027.08. I assess the costs connected with the misapplication argument at $10,000.00, significantly higher due to the need to review the scheme reconciliation, project costs and calculation of levies, of some complexity.

Should costs be awarded?

Levy recovery costs

The approach the Tribunal should take when considering recovery costs claims has been outlined by the District Court in Body Corporate 45131 v 88 CHI Ltd as follows: 2 a. the relevant test is as set out in section 124(2) of the Unit Titles Act – the Body Corporate is entitled to recover “any reasonable costs incurred in collecting the levy”; and b. solicitor and client costs are a category of costs that can be recovered under this provision; and 1 BC346799 v Ikeda [2020] NZDC 3669 2 Body Corporate 45131 v 88 CHI Ltd CIV 2022 – 096 – 000494 [2023] NZDC 9036, at paragraph [5]. c. the task is to assess the reasonableness of the solicitor and client costs that are claimed.
Useful considerations in assessing the reasonableness of the costs claimed were identified as: a. was the work that was done reasonably necessary; b. was the amount charged for work that was reasonably necessary, reasonable; c. in both instances the NZLS Rules and Rule 9 in particular are prime reference points when assessing reasonableness; d. test the analysis against other available reference points.

Was the work that was done reasonably necessary?

This application was filed on 18 July 2025.
The costs claimed are for attendances from 14 May 2025. They begin with the gathering and collating the information required to prepare the application and file it. They do not include the costs for earlier attempts at recovery.
The application and associated work was necessary. Thereafter, excluding the attendances related to the ancillary issues noted, the work was reasonably necessary to recover the unpaid levies.

Was the amount charged for work that was reasonably necessary, reasonable?

While $12,500.00 represents a significant fee for recovery of a levy of this amount: a. the need to adjourn the initial hearing because the Unit Owner had not responded or prepared, added to the costs; b. the claim was made against a history of extensive and difficult litigation, reasonably adding to the costs of preparation and evidence presentation.
Other reference points for assessing whether amounts charged are reasonable, are Rule 9.1 Lawyers and Conveyancers Act (Lawyers: Conduct and Client Care) Rules 2008 and District Court Scale costs.
The more relevant Rule 9.1 considerations are: “(a) the time and labour expended: (b) the skill, specialised knowledge, and responsibility required to perform the services properly: (c) the importance of the matter to the client and the results achieved: (d) the urgency and circumstances in which the matter is undertaken and any time limitations imposed, including those imposed by the client: (e) the degree of risk assumed by the lawyer in undertaking the services, including the amount or value of any property involved: (f) the complexity of the matter and the difficulty or novelty of the questions involved”
A review of the invoices and time records against those criteria, does not give rise to a concern that the charges for necessary work were unreasonable.
The District Court 2B scale costs for filing the claim, evidence and submissions, preparation for and attendance at 2 hearings and a case conference, would suggest an award of around $11,500.00.
Following that assessment, I find that the Body Corporate is entitled to recover levy recovery costs of $12,500.00 under s.124(2) UTA. Limitation and Misapplication claims
Both these claims were decided in favour of the Body Corporate. Costs follow the event.
The decisions taken by the Body Corporate: a. not to earlier pursue recovery of the unpaid levies through Tribunal application; and b. incorrectly including the cost of additional works in the scheme reconciliation and applying BC funds to additional works outside the long term maintenance plan; gave rise to legitimate issues for the Unit Owners to raise.
The issues were of moderate complexity and were not subject to urgency. The proceedings to determine those issues were not conducted by either party in a way that unreasonably added to the cost.
In those circumstances I find that a reasonable contribution by the Unit’s Owners would be 50% of the Body Corporate’s actual costs.
That gives a total costs award of $12,500.00 + $8,525.00 ($7,050,.00 + $10,00.00 x 50%) = $21,025.00.
Stepping back and looking at that total costs award against the whole of the proceedings, the amount awarded represents: a. around 71% of actual costs and: b. almost 2 x scale costs.
Over 50% of the total costs are available on an indemnity basis, (which is not the content of scale costs). The total award is within, but at the top end of the accepted range of contribution to actual total costs per Ikeda.
In the circumstances of this case, those relativities seem to me appropriate.

Tenancy Tribunal case 9070404 — Unit Titles in Wellington Central, Wellington

At a glance

Claims & awards

Tenancy Tribunal case 9070404 — Unit Titles in Wellington Central, Wellington

At a glance

Claims & awards

Order

Reasons

What costs can be claimed?

Should costs be awarded?

Was the work that was done reasonably necessary?

Was the amount charged for work that was reasonably necessary, reasonable?

Topics & place

Residential Tenancies Act sections

Key findings

Frequently asked questions

Order

Reasons

What costs can be claimed?

Should costs be awarded?

Was the work that was done reasonably necessary?

Was the amount charged for work that was reasonably necessary, reasonable?

Topics & place

Residential Tenancies Act sections

Key findings

Frequently asked questions